The U.S. Air Force has begun ground testing for its next-generation drone program, marking a major step in its push to integrate artificial intelligence into combat operations.

The initiative—called the Collaborative Combat Aircraft (CCA) program—involves two prototype drones built by General Atomics and Anduril. These aircraft are designed to operate autonomously, meaning they use AI systems to fly, make in-flight decisions, and coordinate with piloted aircraft without constant human control.

“These aren’t remote-controlled toys,” said one defense official familiar with the program. “They’re learning systems built to fly and fight beside real pilots.”

The current phase focuses on testing propulsion, onboard systems, ground control, and autonomy capabilities. Flight testing is expected to follow later this year.

“This is a major milestone,” said Air Force Chief of Staff Gen. David Allvin. “It helps us move from design to flight while lowering risk and building confidence.”

Unlike traditional fighter jets, CCA drones are meant to act as force multipliers—flying alongside piloted aircraft, entering high-risk zones, and delivering combat power at a lower cost. According to officials, the drones will help extend range, enhance survivability, and reduce the burden on human pilots.

The Air Force has selected Beale Air Force Base in California to host the program’s first Aircraft Readiness Unit (ARU). Because the CCA fleet is semi-autonomous, the aircraft won’t need daily flights to stay ready, and the support crew will be smaller than traditional units.

A production decision for the first wave of CCAs is expected in fiscal year 2026, with development of a second phase already in planning to expand mission roles and integrate new technologies.

“The pace of innovation must outmatch the pace of the threat,” said Gen. Allvin. “This program helps ensure we stay ahead.”

Got a tip or insight about military AI or unmanned operations? Reach out to the editorial team at tips@themilitaryreport.com.